Burns can also be evaluated based on TBSA by the nine-point method, and the Lund–Browder table can be used to measure the injured body surface area of the patient accurately ( Hettiaratchy and Dziewulski, 2004). Third-degree burns affect the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue ( Mertens et al., 1997). Deep second-degree burns affect the entire epidermis and dermis. Superficial second-degree burns affect the epidermis and dermis. First-degree burns affect the superficial layer of the epidermis. The three main risk factors of death for burn patients are old age, a non-superficial burn accounting for >40% of the total burn surface area (TBSA), and inhalation injury ( American Burn Association Burn, 2016).Įvaluation of burn patients involves two crucial parameters: wound depth and TBSA ( Burd and Yuen, 2005) ( Figure 1). Severe burns necessitate long-term hospitalization, which results in enormous nursing costs, and can be accompanied by a series of fatal complications (e.g., shock, electrolyte imbalance, respiratory failure, and wound infection). People who suffer severe burns may suffer from severe emotional distress, which can lead to mental illness. Thermal injury can be caused by heat, high-voltage electricity, or chemicals. Thermal injury is one of the most severe and complex forms of trauma, and one of the main causes of disability. With the continuous improvement of burn care, development of new burn dressings is crucial. Severe burns continue to pose a major challenge in regions with limited medical resources, especially developing countries. Unfortunately, >95% of these burn injuries occur in low- and middle-income countries ( Peck, 2011). Further, the treatment strategies for burns, ranging from external to clinical, are reviewed, and the functional classifications of hydrogel dressings along with their clinical value for burns are discussed.īetween 20, 550,000 people worldwide died from fire, heat and hot substances, and 37 million people were disabled and requiring medical treatment ( World Health Organization., 2019). This review briefly introduces the advantages of hydrogel dressings and discusses the development of new hydrogel dressings for wound healing along with skin regeneration. Hydrogel dressings have been employed universally to accelerate wound healing based on their unique properties to overcome the limitations of existing treatment methods. The future of advanced care of burn wounds lies in the development of “active dressings”. Burn treatment includes management, infection control, wound debridement and escharotomy, dressing coverage, skin transplantation, and the use of skin substitutes. Burns are long-term injuries, and numerous patients suffer from chronic pain. The therapy of burns is a challenging clinical issue. 4Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.3Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.2Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.1Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.Wentao Shu 1 †, Yinan Wang 1,2 †, Xi Zhang 3, Chaoyang Li 4, Hanxiang Le 4 and Fei Chang 4*
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